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Following medicines (column one) should never be taken with alcohol. It is very harmful. Alcohol may be generated in the body from few Ayurvedic preparations like Asava or arishta.
DRUG-ALCOHOL INTERACTIONS
DRUG |
ADVERSE EFFECT DUE TO INTERACTION WITH ALCOHOL |
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Acetaminophen |
In chronic alcoholics, severe hepatotoxicity with therapeutic doses |
Anticoagulants |
Decreased effect on oral agents |
Antidepressants (tricyclic) |
Decreased psychomotor performance, especially in the first week, because of combined CNS depression |
Aspirin, NSAIDs |
Increased possibility of gastritis and gastrointestinal hemorrhage |
Barbiturates |
Increased CNS depression |
Benzodiazepines |
Increased CNS depression |
Beta-blockers |
Masking of signs of delirium tremens |
Bromocriptine |
Increased gastrointestinal side effects |
Caffeine |
Further decrease in reaction time |
Cephalosporins, chloramphenicol |
Disulfiram-like reaction with some agents |
Chloral hydrate |
Prolonged hypnotic effect and adverse cardiovascular effects |
Cimetidine |
Increased CNS depressant effect of alcohol |
Cycloserine |
Increased alcohol effect or convulsions |
Digoxin |
Decreased digitalis effect |
Guanadrel |
Increased sedative effect and orthostatic hypotension |
Heparin |
Increased bleeding |
Hypoglycemics, sulfonylurea drugs |
When acutely ingested, increased hypoglycemic effect from sulfonylurea drugs; when chronically ingested, decreased hypoglycemic effect |
Tolbutamide, chlorpropamide |
Disulfiram-like reaction |
Isoniazid |
Increased liver toxicity |
Ketoconazole, griseofulvin |
Disulfiram-like reaction |
Lithium |
Increased lithium toxicity |
Meprobamate |
Synergistic CNS depression |
Methotrexate |
Increased hepatic damage in chronic alcoholics |
Metronidazole |
Disulfiram-like reaction* |
Nitroglycerin |
Possible hypotension |
Phenformin |
Synergistic lactic acidosis |
Phenothiazines |
Additive CNS depression |
Phenytoin |
When acutely ingested, increased toxicity; when chronically ingested, decreased anticonvulsant effect |
Quinacrine |
Disulfiram-like reaction |
CNS: central nervous system; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
Disulfiram-like reaction*: Disulfiram produces a sensitivity to alcohol which results in a highly unpleasant reaction when the patient taking this drug consumes even small amounts of alcohol. Disulfiram blocks the oxidation of alcohol in body at the acetaldehyde stage, increasing concentration of acetaldehyde in the blood 5 to 10 times higher than that found during metabolism of the same amount of alcohol alone. Disulfiram plus even small amounts of alcohol produces flushing, throbbing in head and neck, throbbing headache, respiratory difficulty, nausea, copious vomiting, sweating, thirst, chest pain, palpitation, dyspnea, hyperventilation, tachycardia, hypotension, syncope, marked uneasiness, weakness, vertigo, blurred vision, and confusion.
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